Periyar:A Modern Socrates!!!

E.V.Ramasamy a modern Socrates of India.Most beloved leader of many south Indian family.Today many achievement and ideology are forgotten about Periyar.Ideology of Periyar are most required to solve problems of India.We are here to brush up the 95 years ideology of  Periyar.Even though Periyar principles were concentrated towards Tamil,I think some of the ideology  can suite will for all.


Personal Profile:

E.V.Ramasamy
Famously known as Periyar,Thanthai Periyar or E.V.R
Born on Sept 17,1879 in Erode municipal,Tamilnadu 
He held Chairmanship Of Erode municipality.
Died at age of 95-dec 24,1973.

Achievement:

Caste based reservation.
Women liberation.
Lower caste liberation.
Elimination Of caste name from surnames.
Minimize class conflict.   
Strict Resistance against Brahminism,superstitious belief,ignorance,baseless custom.

Periyar Ideology:

 On Women:

• Man treats woman as his own property and not as being capable of feelings, like himself.
• The way man treats women is much worse than the way landlords treat servants and the high-caste treat the low-caste. These treat them so meaninglessly only in situations mutually affecting them; but men treat cruelly and as slaves, from their birth till death.
• Women in India experience much worse suffering, humiliation and slavery in all spheres than even the untochables.
• To give man freedom of sexual selection, and to permit him to take as many wives as he like, gives rise to promiscuity.
• If the man has the right to claim a woman, then a woman also should have right to claim a man. If conditions are imposed for the worship of man by woman, let there be conditions imposed for the worship of woman by man.
• Women liberation takes place only when Male chauvinism fails. 

On Rationalism:

• Man is considered superior to other beings in this world, because he has limitless capacity for knowledge, People in other lands have advanced greatly, utilizing this knowledge. But our countrymen owing to lack of use of this knowledge, are abjectly deteriorating. Stating that ours is a land of enlightenment, we build tanks and temples; in other lands, men fly in sapce and amaze the whole world.
• What we need today is growth of knowledge, in order to advance in every field. Knowledge should have its sway.
• It is through rationality that man's longevity has been increased and his mortality has been significantly reduced.
• Any opposition not based on rationalism or science or experience will one day or other, reveal the fraud, selfishness, lies and conspiracies.
• Wisdom lies in thinking. The spear-head of thinking is rationalism. 
• Capitalists control the machinerys. They create difficulties to the workers. Consequently rationalism, which has to lead the way for peaceful life to all, has resulted in causing poverty and worries to the people because of dominating forces.
• You cannot expect any rational thought from a religious man. He is like a rocking log in water.
• There is no use of simply acquiring titles or amassing wealth if one has no self-respect and scientific knowledge.
• Foreigners are sending messages to the planets. We are sending rice and cereals to our dead fore-father through the Brahmins. It is a wise deed?

On Self-Respect:

• We are fit to think of `Self-Respect' only when the notion of superior ans inferior caste is banished from our land.
• He who does not care for dignity, is no better than to a prostitute, however highly educated he is. His education will only endanger those that care for dignity.
• The aim of genuine Self-respect movement is to change whatever appears to be adverse to man's feelings of self-respect.
• Man must remove by himself his feelings of inferiority, the feeling that he is lesser born than other beings, and attain self-confidence and self-respect.
• Man must hold his personal respect and dignity as precious as his life.

 

On Social Reform:

• To discard what is unwanted, and to retain what is needed, is what reform means.
• Social reform cannot stand apart from politics, nor can politics stand apart from social reform. politics exists only for human society. Every political activity is only for social good. Constitutional law and defense are made only for society and in accordance with social good.Tentative and superficial changes here and there, in the same name of social reform, will not bear fruit. The present social set-up should be destroyed as its very base, and a new social order, free from caste and class, should be created.
• Whom so ever I love and hate, my principle is the same. That is, the educated, the rich and the administrators should not suck the blood of the poor.
• The proper task of social reform is to remove poverty from society and to ensure that people do not sell their conscience to make a living.

On Science:

• Look at the enormous change in our life today. Our comforts in daily life have vastly improved. Formerly, we had only the bullock cart. Now we have such modern comforts as the locomotive, the motorcar and aeroplane. We struck flints to make a fire, but now, the pressing of a button makes a thousand electric lights burn. Our people understanding, despite so much change in life, remains just as it was a thousand years ago!.
• Even those, who some time ago believed all the stories about God, that is who believed that divine power exist, have now come to be so ashamed of there own belief, that hiding there ignorance, they are now struggling heard to prove those stories as scientifically true.
• He who first created fire with the help of flints, was the "Edison" of those days. There after, we advanced step by step and we now have fire through electricity. Thus, change is natural and inevitable, and no can one stop it.
• A big change should come about in our country on the food front. We must certainly discover a chemical product as substitute for rice. We first used steam power, with the help of fire, to drive an engine. Then kerosene, crude oil, petrol, electricity for power. In a like manner, the human engine, without being driven by huge intake of food, can be activated by and made to subsist on some fine source of energy, similar to electricity. 
• Hereafter, even human birth will be rare. Similarly death rate also will decrease. Man can easily live for a hundred years on an average, no one will have more than two children. There will be no correlation between sexual relationship and child-birth.

On Education:

• Only education self-respect and rational qualities will uplift the down-trodden.
• It is dangerous for people to support scriptural pundits as using burning stick to scratch an itching scalp; they have no alternative means of livelihood; and therefore we should be ever watchful in out contact with these pundits.Why should anyone, in the name of caste, be considered lowly or be made to do a mean job?. If all in the country are given education, can there exist a caste for doing mean work?. It is not because of lack of education that those people are constrained to do contemptible work and are considered lowly?Students should not waste their school life, as it is very, very precious. Their mind should not be distracted by any event out side. Particularly, students should not participate in agitations.

On Literature:

• A Literature that concerns itself with knowledge of Nature, which is common to all, and is for remove from religion and God, and a literature that is to do with irrefutable science only by these can a language and its Letters be enriched and only by these can people become enlightened.
• The importance of a book depends only on its measure of usefulness and not on its creator or and its divine quality and wonderful nature or on its literary or grammatical dimensions.
• Literature should nurture culture and inculcate noble qualities in the people.
• What is literature for ? How should literature be ? What can be called literature ? Why should it exist ? My view is that it should not only help man to live, but also be conducive to the progress of society.
• Our thoughts of literary renaissance should always centre themselves and the removal supertition, meanness, indignity and ignorance. 

On Co-Operation:

• The aim of co-operation is to serve and help others.
• Who do spend wastefully, without thought. If we carry on our life through co-operative means, only one eighth of our present expenditure will be incurre. What remains can be helpful to seven more persons. If the conditions of our nation are not changed, it is certain that our life will soon come to ruin.The earlier principle of induvidualism should give place to that of co-operation.
• Man, by virtue of his reason, has drawn up many plans for social co-operation. These cannot be executed by an induvidual. Necessarily, there must be help from others.
• If the principle of co-operation established in a proper manner in our country, then society will be free from the cares and anxieties of the morrow and will be enabled to live a lifee of peace, joy and contentment.

 

On Economics:

• Many crores of rupees are squandered in this country by way offering gratitude to God and bribing Him to gain greater and greater wealth.
• It is of equal importance that people should be freed from social as well as economic evils.
• If I were a king, even for a short While, I would first of all make a law, imposing the death sentence for squandering wealth weddings. I will say that the wasting of wealth is a major disease that affects India.
• Wealth is the common property of the world. All the people have a right of enjoy it, as their own. They have a common right to it, as long as they live; So also they have a responsibility to preserve it.
• Day by day, mankind is going towards a climate in which people are devoid of the good traits of decent conduct, honesty and a commitment to fairness. The abolition of the right to property is the only remedy.

On Socialism/Communism:

• What should be done, If everyone is to have enough food?If none consumes more than what is needed, then, there will be enough food for all
• Though my aim is to demand economic equality, I believe that coveting other people's properties is an act that is worse than economic inequality.Therefore, It is the Government that should divide equitably by Law.
• A single person should not have a vast-accumulated position of land. A time will come when land will be distributed equally to all. If we cannot bring about the time soon we should remain as path-finders in this.
• Capitalism should be destroyed at the root, if the cares and worries of the workers are to be put an end to.
• The aim of offering succor to poor is only to help to eradicator poverty from society, and not to create sluggards, by the offer of alms to one here, and another there.

On Character:

• Fair conduct is that which gives no pain to anyone.
• Those who are guilty of misconduct, fraud and knavery, under the guise of public life should never be spared.
• If a nation is to prosper, her people should have good character.
• Only during his student life can conduct easily inculcated in man.
• We should conduct ourselves with others, in accordance with what we expect of others in this regard; what we think others should do unto us and what kind of conduct towards us that we look for from others. That alone is good character.

On Marriage:

• Married couple should behave to each other like bosom friends. In any matter, the bridegroom should not have the vnity that he is the husband. The bride also should behave in such a manner as not to think of herself as her husband's slave and cook.
• Married couple should not be hasty in bringing forth children. It will be good if children are born at least three years after the marriage.The terms `Husband' and `Wife' are inappropriate. They are only companions ad partners. One does not slave for other. They both have equal status.
• It is enough, if the man and woman sign and declare at the Register's Office that they have become companions for life'. Such a wedding on the basis of a mere signature has more dignity, advantage and independence.
• Marriage does not concern the wedding couple only. It is linked with the progress of the nation. 

On Youth:

• The Youth are like children. They are captivated by the immediacy of a situation. They are not aware of what is to come in the future. They are attracted by what is see. Wherever there are drawn to them, and when these disappear, they simply forget them.
• Mere enthusiasm, courage and a sense of sacrifice alone will not do in the youth. The youth can be of service only when they have capacity to discriminate the good from bad, the possible from the impossible, and to reflect and ponder dispassionately.
• The period of youth is a dangerous and a highly inflammable one, and so it should be carefully safeguarded.
• Young man should be bent upon putting an end to all the religious and superstitions and fraud.

 

On Caste:

• If our people do not consent to bring about reforms in caste, religion, habits and customs, in what other way can freedom, excellence and self-respect be ushered in?
• In a land of freedom, can the citizens be SUDRAS? Can there be religions, epics and laws that consider the citizens untouchables, salves, sinners and menials ? Think and act !
• The caste-system that teaches notions of superiority, inferiority, high and low, depending on birth, should be scotched at the very base.
• The constitution at present is not conducive to eradication of caste. It deems it as contrary to fundamental right, at the same time, it also prohibits communal ratio as it considers it class-hatred. To say that caste can exist but not the privilege on the basis of caste, is the worst of all deceptions.

 
On Miscellanea:

• Why should the divine power of God disappear if the image of God is seen by some? Why should God and temple be defiled if some go there? Why should God die if some touch His image? Why should God, with the same name and image, have different powers, according to the places where He is?
• The image of God in such places as Banares, Puri and Pandaripuram do not 'die' when touched by anyone. Those who go to these temples offer worship by doing all the ceremonies themselves. But why do the same-Gods 'die' only in Tamilnadu, if they are touched? Thus, why do the powers of Gods and their lives, and the reputation of temples vary from place to place?
• Only he who spends according to his means, without borrowing, will be a rich man.
• A good family is that which does not spend beyond its means. Its expenses should be carefully husbanded. Such a family is a dignified family.
• He who serves by adopting the principle of being useful to others in this worldly life, and causes no pain to any one else, does not need a separate religion.
• Character is more indispensable in social life than devotion to religion. To act as you speak and to speak as you act, is the criterion for character.
• Religious devotion is for the individual. Character is for all. There is no loss if there is no devotion. Everything is lost if there is no character.  
• The laborer-employe system should go. The system whereby a worker remains a wage-earner in a job, instead of being a partner is slavery.
• The duty and the responsibility of a rationalist is to thoughtfully and promptly carry out his actions, in fraternal affection, without considering country, language, God, religion and caste. 
• Without any reason or basis, untouchability has been created as a result of caste. It is foolish to think of abolishing untouchability, in the face of the continuance of caste.

On Society:

• Helping the poor, we must be able to remove their poverty. By extending help to one here and one there in the form of providing food will not remove poverty.
• Why should there be high caste and low caste in the country of India, which is said to have gained independence. Can any one say that things could go on only when there is high caste in the country? Can it be argued that the high caste Brahmins alone are people with sterling character.
• If god is the root cause for our degradation destroy that god. If it is religion destroy it. If it is Manu Darma, Gita, or any other Mythology (Purana), burn them to ashes. If it is temple, tank, or festival, boycott them. Finally if it is our politics, come forward to declare it openly”.
• The word ‘Sudra’ which means ‘Son of prostitute’ should not find a place even in the history hereafter. We will not allow it to find a place in the dictionary or encyclopedia.
• Our country would be considered to have gained independence only when the villagers are completely rid of god, religion, castes, and blind beliefs. South India is quite different from the North in many respects. It is a distinct and separate State of Dravidian race.
• Man is equal to man. There should not be exploitation. One should help the other. No one should harm anybody. Generally there should be no room for grievance or complaint from anybody. Everyone should live and let others to live, with a national spirit.

Periyar principles are hard to digest,but most required for 20th century modern India.Even UNESCO described him as"The prophet of New age,the Socrates of south east Asia,Father of social reform movement and arch enemy of Ignorance,superstitious,Meaningless custom and base manners. "Greatest philosopher of India.